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Basic HTML
Background Colors
We've now learned a variety of ways to find resources
on the Web. Let's use some of these Web resources to help
us modify your homepage into something that looks a bit
snazzier.
The "Body" HTML Tag
If you open your homepage file with the editor you will
find near the top an HTML "body tag" that has the following
form
<BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffe0" TEXT="#ff0000"
LINK="#00ffff" VLINK="#00ffff" ALINK="#FF0000">
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Such tags control the colors for the text when a Web Browser
displays your page, according to the identifications in
the following diagram (note that in HTML the tags are generally
not case sensitive; e.g., "BODY" and "body" are equivalent).
The labels in the diagram are rather self-explanatory
in light of earlier discussion except, perhaps, for the
"accessed link" color. This is the color that the link turns
while the mouse button is being held down. Thus, for example,
the statement text="#ff0000" sets the standard
text color to red. Now obviously there is some kind of secret
code involved here: how do I know that #ff0000 means to
set the browser text color to red?
Hex Numbers and Color
Well, # indicates that this is a color and the next six
characters (ff0000) are in the form xxyyzz,
where xx is the amount of red, yy is the
amount of green, and zz is the amount of blue mixed
to form the text color, with each of these pairs (e.g.,
ff) a number in the base-16 or hexadecimal
number system---the "hex system", to those in the know.
Whew! I'm sure you are looking forward to learning about
that! If humans had 16 fingers and 16 toes instead of 10
each we probably would know the base-16 system by heart,
but it is unlikely that many of you use hexadecimal numbers
on a regular basis. Is there a way to bypass studying the
base-16 number system, at least for now? After all, we just
want to change some colors on our homepage!
You should learn something about the base-16
system because it is so common in computers and because
it is fun, but we will save that for later. For now we are
going to illustrate that we can learn how to change colors
on our homepages without learning how to do base-16 numbers
in our head. We shall do so by using resources that are
available on the Web. That is, we are going to set our newly-won
"Finding Things" expertise to a useful and noble task: the
avoidance of work in the process of accomplishing something
useful!
Color Resources on the
Web
Your assignment is to modify the colors on your default
homepage to something more to your liking. What would greatly
simplify that is to have a table of colors with the associated
hex code for the color. Then we could find some colors that
we liked from the table and just copy the corresponding
hex code into the body tag in our homepage. Even better,
in the best of worlds we might hope for a computer program
that would allow us to click on a continuous dispay of colors
to select them, and once they were selected, to display
a sample page with those colors to see how they actually
look in a browser display.
Such resources are out there on the Net. We can use search
engines to find them. Pick one of the search engines, type
in words or a phrase such as "hex code" and see
if you can find a hex table of colors.
The results page should have many links. Find a hex table
there that will help you select colors for your homepage.
Select some new colors to customize your homepage by changing
the colors in the "body" tag.
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